This website is currently undergoing final updates. Some information may change as updates are completed.

2024

Dube, K., Mercer, E., Septien, S., Brouckaert, C., Ramjugernath, D. and Buckley, C. A. (2024). On the thermodynamic properties of hydrolysed urine: Experimental data, predictive and correlative models for the design of concentrative urine treatment technologies. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 580. 114048   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Publications coming…

2023

Arumugam, P., Zuma, L., Mercer, S., Govender, L., Pocock, J., Brouckaert, C. J., and Gounden, T. (2023). The potential of decentralised wastewater treatment in urban and rural sanitation in South Africa: lessons learnt from a demonstration-scale DEWATS within the eThekwini Municipality. Water SA, 49 (1), 8 – 18. https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2023.v49.i1.3985   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Chatema, T. M., Mercer, E., Septien, S., Pocock, J., and Buckley, C. A. (2023). Effect of ageing on the physicochemical properties of human faeces in the context of onsite sanitation. Environmental Challenges, 11, 100717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2023.100717   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Ekama, K., Ikumi, D. and Brouckaert, C. J. (2023). George Ekama (1949–2023): A man of faith, humility and integrity and a world leader in wastewater treatment. South African Journal of Science, 119   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Sitabule, E. N., and Buckley, C. (2023). Forward osmosis treatment of thermal evaporator brine stream. Water SA, 49 (1), 26 – 35. https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2023.v49.i1.3982   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Sutherland, C. (2023). Social acceptability and household expectations of green sanitation systems. City and Environment Interactions, 20. 100119   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

2022

Brouckaert, B., Brouckaert, C., Singh, A., Pillay, K., Flores-Alsina, X. and Ikumi, D. (2022). Using plant data to estimate biodegradable COD fractions – case study kwaMashu WWTP. Water Science and Technology, 86. 2045-2058   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Brouckaert, C. J., Brouckaert, B. M., and Ekama, G. A. (2022). Integration of complete elemental mass-balanced stoichiometry and aqueous-phase chemistry for bioprocess modelling of liquid and solid waste treatment systems – Part 5: Ionic speciation. Water SA, 48 (1), 32 – 39   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Ekama, G. A., and Brouckaert, C. J. (2022). Integration of complete elemental mass-balanced stoichiometry and aqueous-phase chemistry for bioprocess modelling of liquid and solid waste treatment systems – Part 3: Measuring the organics composition. Water SA, 48 (1), 1 – 20   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Ekama, G. A., Brouckaert, C. J,. and Brouckaert, B. M. (2022). Integration of complete elemental mass-balanced stoichiometry and aqueous-phase chemistry for bioprocess modelling of liquid and solid waste treatment systems – Part 4: Aligning the modelled and measured aqueous phases. Water SA, 48 (1), 21 – 31  >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Gwara, S., Wale, E., and Odindo, A. (2022). Behavioral intentions of rural farmers to recycle human excreta in agriculture. Scientific Reports, 12 (5890). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09917-z   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Mladenov, N., Dodder, N. G., Steinberg, L., Richardt, W., Johnson, J., Martincigh, B. S., Buckley, C., Lawrence, T., and Hoh, E. (2022). Persistence and removal of trace organic compounds in centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment systems. Chemosphere, 286 (1), 131621   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Musazura, W., and Odindo, A. O. (2022). Characterisation of selected human excreta-derived fertilisers for agricultural use: A scoping review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 339, 130516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130516   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Pocock, J., Muzhingi, A., Mercer, E., Velkushanova, T., Septien, S., and Buckley, C. A. (2022). Water and nutrient recovery from stored urine by forward osmosis with an ammonium bicarbonate draw solution. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 937456. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09917-z   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Pocock, J., Septien, S., Makununika, B. S. N., Velkushanova, K. V. and Buckley, C. A. (2022). Convective drying kinetics of faecal sludge from VIP latrines. Heliyon, 8 (4), e09221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09221   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Ramin, E., Flores-Alsina, X., Gaszynski, C., Harding, T., Ikumi, D., Brouckaert, C., Brouckaert, B., Modiri, D., Al, R., Sin, G., and Gernaey, K. (2022). Plant-wide assessment of alternative activated sludge configurations for biological nutrient removal under uncertain influent characteristics. Science of the Total Environment, 822,  153678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153678   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Ramlal, P. S., Lin, J., Buckley, C. A., Stenström, T. A., and Amoah, I. D. (2022). An assessment of the health risks associated with shared sanitation: a case study of the community ablution blocks in Durban, South Africa. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 194 (166). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-09815-x   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

2021

Brouckaert, C. J., Brouckaert, B. M., and Ekama, G. A. (2021). Integration of complete elemental mass-balanced stoichiometry and aqueous-phase chemistry for bioprocess modelling of liquid and solid waste treatment systems – Part 1: The physico-chemical framework. Water SA, 47 (3), 276 – 288   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Brouckaert, C. J., Brouckaert, B. M., and Ekama, G. A. (2021). Integration of complete elemental mass-balanced stoichiometry and aqueous-phase chemistry for bioprocess modelling of liquid and solid waste treatment systems – Part 2: Bioprocess stoichiometry. Water SA, 47 (3), 289 – 308   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Castro, C. J., Shyu, H. Y., Xaba, L., Bair, R., and Yeh, D. H. (2021). Performance and onsite regeneration of natural zeolite for ammonium removal in a field-scale non-sewered sanitation system. Science of the Total Environment, 776 (1), 145938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145938   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Flores-Alsina, X., Ramin, E., Ikumi, D., Harding, T., Batstone, D., Brouckaert, C., Sotemann, S., and Gernaey, K. V. (2021). Assessment of sludge management strategies in wastewater treatment systems using a plant-wide approach. Water Research, 190, 116714, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116714   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Gwara, S., Wale, E., Odindo, A. and Buckley, C. (2021). Attitudes and perceptions on the agricultural use of Human Excreta and Human Excreta Derived Materials: A scoping review. Agriculture, 11 (2), 153   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Ramlal, P. S., Lin, J., Buckley, C. A., Stenström, T. A., Amoah, I. D., Okpeku, M., Kanzi, A. and Ramsuran, V. (2021). 16S rRNA-based metagenomic profiling of microbes on contact surfaces within shared sanitation facilities. Ecological Genetics and Genomics, 21, 100095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egg.2021.100095   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Riechmann, M. E., Ndwandwe, B., Greenwood, E. E., Reynaert, E., Morgenroth, E., and Udert, K. M. (2021). On-site urine treatment combining Ca(OH)2 dissolution and dehydration with ambient air. Water Research X, 13 (1), 100124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2021.100124   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Sellgren, K. L., Makumunika, B., Lynch, B., Septien, S., Velkushanova, K., Pocock, J., Stoner, M., Rogers, T, Piascik, J., Buckley, C., and Stoner, B. (2021). Drying kinetics characterisitics of human fecal matter for the development of onsite sanitation technologies. Journal of Solid waste Technology and Management, 47 (1), 117 – 127   >>> Free PDF Not Available >>> Site Link

Shyu, H., Bair, R., Castro, C., Xaba, L., Dalgado-Navarro, M., Sindall, R., Cottingham, R., Uman, E., Buckley, C., and Yeh D. (2021). The NEWgeneratorTM non-sewered sanitation system: Long-term field testing at an informal settlement community in eThekwini municipality, South Africa. Journal of Environmental Management, 296, 112921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112921   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Sindall, R., Cottingham, R., Arumugam, P., Mercer, S., Sutherland, C., Alcock, N., Buckley, C., and Gounden, G. (2021). Lessons learned from operating a pre-commercialisation field-testing platform for innovative non-sewered sanitation in Durban, South Africa. Water SA, 47 (4), 385 – 395. https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2021.v47.i4.3880   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Sindall, R., Cottingham, R., Sutherland, C., Mercer, S., Pocock, J., Arumugam-Nanoolal, P., Dhlamini, S., Shozi, M., Odili, A., and Reddy, M. (2021). Field-testing and demonstration of sanitation technologies: Guidelines for the South African sanitation technology enterprise Programme (SASTEP). Gates Open Research, 5, 67 (document). https://doi.org/10.21955/gatesopenres.1116768.1   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Somorin, T., Gethaun, S., Septien, S., Mabett, I., Kolios, A., and Buckley, C. (2021). Isothermal drying characteristics and kinetics of human faecal sludges. Gates Open Research, 4, 67   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Späth, J., Arumugam, P., Lindberg, R. H., Abafe, O. A., Jansson, S., Fick, J., and Buckley, C. A. (2021). Biochar for the removal of detected micropollutants in South African domestic wastewater: a case study from a demonstration-scale decentralised wastewater treatment system in eThekwini. Water SA, 47 (4), 396 – 416. https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2021.v47.i4.3861   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Sutherland, C., Reynaert, E., Dhlamini, S., Magwaza, F., Lienert, J., Riechmann, M., Buthelezi, S., Khumalo, D., Morgenroth, E., Udert, K., and Sindall, R. (2021). Socio-technical analysis of a sanitation innovation in a peri-urban household in Durban, South Africa. Science of the Total Environment, 755 (2), 143284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143284   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link

Sutherland, C., Reynaert, E., Sindall, R., Riechmann, M. E., Magwaza, F., Lienert, J., Buthelezi, S., Khumalo, D., Dhlamini, S., Morgenroth, E., and Udert, K. M. (2021). Innovation for improved hand hygiene: Field testing the Autarky handwashing station in collaboration with informal settlement residents in Durban, South Africa. Science of The Total Environment, 796, 149024   >>> PDF Link >>> Site Link